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, Technical note

Terminating an RS-485 line correctly: the BIAS / OFF / EOL switch

Most dropouts on an RS-485 line come from wrong termination. With an example, here is which position the small switch on Coselium devices should be in.

Modbus RTU and BACnet MS/TP devices are daisy-chained on an RS-485 line. For the line to work well, both ends must be terminated. On FiOC-40 and FiO-40 this is done with a small three-position switch next to the RS-485 terminal.

Which position, where?

  • EOL: On the first and last device of the line.
  • OFF: On every device in between.
  • BIAS: Only on long lines, and only on one device in between.

Example

Consider a line with the FiOC-40 at the start, two variable frequency drives in between and an energy meter at the end. The FiOC-40 is on EOL, the drives have termination off and the energy meter has its own termination switched on. On a long line, BIAS is selected on just one of the devices in between.

Common mistakes

  • Leaving termination on at every device.
  • Mixing Modbus and BACnet devices on the same line; one line runs one kind of communication.
  • Different communication speeds on different devices; everyone on the line must use the same setting.

Detailed technical values are given in the product datasheet; our dealers can assist you with your project.